Coronary Artery Disease Vs Myocardial Infarction

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a condition characterized by the narrowing and hardening of the coronary arteries due to the buildup of plaque, which is composed of fat, cholesterol, and other substances. This narrowing restricts blood flow to the heart muscle, potentially leading to symptoms such as chest pain (angina) and increasing the risk of heart attack. CAD is often associated with risk factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, and a sedentary lifestyle, making it a significant contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide.

Myocardial Infarction, commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked for an extended period, causing damage or death to the heart muscle. This blockage is often due to a blood clot that forms as a result of the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary arteries. Symptoms can include intense chest pain or discomfort, shortness of breath, nausea, and sweating. Prompt medical intervention is crucial, as timely restoration of blood flow can significantly reduce heart damage and improve outcomes for patients.