Idealism Vs Realism

Idealism in political theory is a philosophy that emphasizes the importance of moral values and ethical principles in politics. It posits that human behavior can be guided by ideals such as justice, equality, and freedom, advocating for a vision of society where these values shape political institutions and practices. Idealists believe that political actions should be rooted in these higher principles rather than merely pragmatic considerations, thus striving for a world where values and morality drive governance and international relations.

Realism, on the other hand, is a political theory that focuses on the pragmatic and often harsh realities of power politics. Realists argue that human nature is self-interested and that political actions are primarily driven by the pursuit of national interest and power. This perspective emphasizes the importance of understanding the world as it is, rather than how it ought to be, and often involves a skeptical view of moral ideals in governance. Realists contend that state behavior is influenced by the anarchic nature of the international system, where the balance of power and strategic interests take precedence over ethical considerations.