Realism Vs Realism

Realism is a theoretical perspective in international relations that emphasizes the competitive and conflictual side of international politics. It posits that states are the primary actors in an anarchic international system where they act primarily in their own self-interest to ensure survival and security. Realists argue that power dynamics and the pursuit of national interest drive state behavior, often leading to a focus on military capability and strategic alliances. This view challenges the idea that international cooperation and morality can significantly influence state actions, instead highlighting the inevitability of conflict and the importance of pragmatic decision-making.

Realism, in its broader philosophical context, refers to the belief that reality exists independently of our perceptions or interpretations. In political theory, this aligns with the idea that political entities and their interactions can be understood through objective analysis rather than idealistic or normative frameworks. Realists assert that human nature is inherently self-interested, which shapes political behavior and institutions. This perspective underscores the importance of empirical evidence and rational analysis in understanding political phenomena, emphasizing that effective governance and international relations are grounded in an acknowledgment of the harsh realities of human behavior and power struggles.