Sympathetic Nervous System Vs Parasympathetic

The Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) is a component of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for stressful or emergency situations, often referred to as the 'fight or flight' response. When activated, the SNS increases heart rate, dilates airways, inhibits digestion, and redirects blood flow to essential muscles, enhancing physical performance and alertness. It achieves these effects through the release of neurotransmitters like norepinephrine, which mobilizes energy and prepares the body to respond to perceived threats.

The Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS), in contrast, is responsible for promoting the 'rest and digest' functions of the body. It activates bodily processes that conserve energy and promote relaxation after a stressful event. The PNS slows the heart rate, stimulates digestion, and increases blood flow to the gastrointestinal tract through neurotransmitters like acetylcholine. This system works to maintain homeostasis and supports bodily functions during peaceful states, ensuring that the body can recuperate and restore its energy reserves.